These fresh vegetables will add color to your landscape and fill your plate with delicious goodness.
Add color to your garden and extend the growing season by planting fresh seasonal vegetables. In addition to being resistant to cold, more edible plants grow there than in high temperatures. Cold and frost-resistant vegetables keep you growing all fall and winter and are less damaged by pests. If you want your garden to last even when the temperatures drop, start planting gardener-recommended fall vegetables.
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Related: Your complete guide to fall gardening, from prep to planting
Spinach
Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is a cool-season vegetable and should be planted six to eight weeks before the first fall frost date. It is usually ready to harvest 37-45 days after sowing. "Spinach grows quickly and can be harvested young or mature," says Longwood Gardens gardener Alex Correa.
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Broccoli
Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) prefers cooler temperatures and won't do well in summer heat, says Carrie Spoonmore, creator of the Park Seed Seed to Spoon program. Plus, this cool-season vegetable is packed with nutrition and flavor. "You can sow the seeds directly during this cold season or transplant them into the garden when the seedlings have four true leaves (about eight weeks)," says Spoonmore.
Growing zones: 3 to 9
Dimensions: 24" high x 8" wide
Growing conditions: full sun; Moist, well-drained soil
Cabbage
One of the easiest fall vegetables to grow, cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitata) is a cool-season, nutritious, frost-hardy vegetable. Cabbage ripening speed depends on the variety: some are ready to harvest in 60 days, and others in more than 120 days. If you're looking for a particularly hardy variety, consider Red Express purple/red cabbage. It is the most difficult crop in the cold season. "It needs cool temperatures to survive frost and temperatures below 28 degrees Celsius to germinate and grow," says Kasighmore.
Growing zones: 3 to 9
Dimensions: 12" high x 8-12" wide
Growing conditions: full sun; Moist, well-drained soil
Call
Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) is a cool-season vegetable and tastes best when the plant is exposed to cold, snowy weather for several weeks. The plant can be harvested after full maturity, which is about 100-120 days after sowing the seeds.
Growing zones: 2 to 11
Dimensions: 8 to 24 inches high x 9 to 18 inches
Growing conditions: full sun; Productivity, pours well
radish
If you want a quick harvest in your fall garden, consider planting radishes (Raphnus sativus) . The plant grows in 20-30 days. "Grow the seeds for 30 days and plant them in succession for a steady supply," says Correa. It is ideal to plant radishes in the fall, because high temperatures can cause flowering, which means that the edible plant grows quickly.
Growing zones: 2 to 11
Dimensions: 1-3 meters high x 1-2 meters wide
Growing conditions: full sun; Moist, well-drained soil
Salad
There are several types of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) , including iceberg lettuce, cap lettuce, romaine lettuce, and leaf lettuce. Once ripe, harvest every one to two weeks, cutting above the growth stage, Correa explains. Lettuce takes 40-50 days to mature, so you can plant several rows throughout the season.
root
As a cool-climate crop, it's best to plant carrots ( Daucus carota ) as soon as the soil is workable, Montgomery says. If possible, it is necessary to plant carrots in raised beds to increase the depth of the soil and give the roots a good shape. Although carrots ripen for a long time (70-80 days), they are one of the most commonly used vegetables in the garden.
Fields: 3 to 9
Dimensions: 12-18 inches tall x 1-2 inches wide
Growing conditions: full sun; Moist, well-drained soil
Ginger
There are two types of fennel, Foniculum vulgare : one is cultivated as a herb and the other is grown as a bulb plant. When grown as an onion, dill needs to grow in the cool, short days of fall. If you plant early, summer weather affects flowering and reduces the quality of the bulb. The time it takes to grow fennel depends on the variety you grow.
Growing zones: 4 to 9
Size: 4 to 6 feet high x 18 to 36 inches
Growing conditions: full sun; Soil rich in organic matter and well drained
Street
If you often buy kale at the grocery store, consider growing it in your own garden. "Kale is a cool-season, nutrient-dense, frost-hardy vegetable," says Spoonemore. "Many species are grown indoors for their decorative leaves in bright red, pink, lavender, blue, purple or white, offering a variety of colors and shapes." For a tasty option, consider Russian red cabbage, which has soft, sweet leaves and thick, cut heads.
Fields: 3 to 9
Dimensions: 2-5 meters high x 1 meter wide
Growing conditions: full sun (can tolerate some shade); Nutrient-rich, well-drained soil
Cabbage
Kale (Brassica oleracea var. viridis) is very cold hardy and can be harvested in late fall. "The leaves are sweeter when they grow in cooler temperatures," says Correa. Cabbage takes 60-80 days to mature after direct planting. This hardy vegetable can withstand frost and even moderate frost when mature.
beet
Beetroot ( Beta vulgaris var. crassa ) thrives in cooler temperatures and can survive cooler conditions. "This cool-weather root crop is easy to grow and versatile, from rich greens to sweet and nutritious round or long roots," says Spoonemore. The plant can be planted from seed in late spring or early fall and usually takes seven to eight weeks after planting.
Growing zones: 3 to 9
Dimensions: 8 to 10 inches long x 12 inches wide
Growing conditions: full sun (can tolerate some shade); Moist, well-drained soil
cauliflower
Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), a winter-hardy vegetable and cold-season hardy crop, was one of the first to be planted in the garden, says Khashoggi. Cabbage can be planted directly into the garden after the soil is prepared, two to four weeks before the last frost, or four to five weeks before planting in the spring and fall. "They need cold temperatures to germinate and grow, but they can tolerate frost," says Spoonmore. Greens ripen after 50-100 days.
Growing zones: 3 to 9
Dimensions: 12 to 24 inches high x 6 to 12 inches wide
Growing conditions: full sun; Moist, well-drained soil
Green onions
Green onions (Allium cepa) , also known as bunch onions, are easy to grow and quick to harvest. Instead of waiting for the bulb to form, the green onions are harvested and the tops are soft and green. The best growing temperature is 68 to 77 degrees, which means that slamot plant should be planted in the spring, summer and fall. "Sow the seed two inches apart in the garden in early fall, cover it 1/2 inch deep, then thin it out to 3 to 4 inches," explains Spoonemore.
Growing zones: 3 to 9
Dimensions: 14" high x 3-4" wide
Growing conditions: full sun; Moist, well-drained soil
White garlic
Fall is the best time to plant garlic (Allium sativum L.) . "Sow it, uproot it and plant it vertically," Correa explains. "Plant bulbs before the ground freezes as bulbs to be harvested next summer." Although a good seasonal vegetable, you should mulch around garlic to protect it from frost (but remove the buds when it warms again in the spring). A slow grower takes about 250 days to mature.
Cultivation areas : Varies according to varieties
Size: 1 to 3 feet high x 2 to 6 inches
Growing conditions: full sun; Moist, light soil
Jackals
Known for being easy to grow, snow peas (Pisum sativum var. macrocarpon) like cold weather and should be planted as soon as soil becomes available. "Direct seed 1 to 2 inches apart and 1 to 1 1/2 inches deep," says Spoonemore. "Plant two rows with rows between rows to save space and make harvesting easier." You can harvest snow peas 60-70 days after planting.
Growing zones: 3 to 9
Dimensions: 4ft 7in - 5ft 5in x 24 - 26in wide
Growing conditions: full sun; Moist, well-drained soil
Brussels Colt
One of the hardiest fall vegetables, Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera) can withstand freezing temperatures. Greens usually mature in 90-110 days, but you'll know they're ready to pick when they're round, firm, plump and beautifully colored.
Growing zones: 2 to 11
Dimensions: 12-36 inches tall x 18-24 inches wide
Growing conditions: full sun; Light, well-drained soil
When you come back
Direct-growing crops include most root vegetables, such as turnips ( Brassica rapa ), Correa said. Cold hardy plants have different harvest times depending on how you plant them. Varieties grown for vegetables ripen in 30-45 days after planting, and varieties grown for roots in 50-70 days.
Growing zones: 2 to 11
Dimensions: 12 to 18 inches high x 6 to 12 inches wide
Growing conditions: Full sun to partial shade; Light, well-drained soil
Microgreens
Microgreens (vegetables and plants grown as seedlings) are easy to grow and great for anyone interested in gardening, Spoonmore says. Many types of greens work as microgreens, such as ruby red chard microgreens, which add color, flavor and nutrition to a variety of cold-season dishes. Quick and easy to grow, microgreens can be grown in the garden all season long, Spoonmore says.
Growing zones: 3 to 9
Dimensions: 12-16 inches tall x 1-2 inches wide
Growing conditions: full sun; Moist, well-drained soil
pea
Like peas, green peas (Pisum sativum) can tolerate freezing temperatures and thrive in both hot and cold conditions. Peas should be sown directly when the soil temperature is at least 40 degrees. The plant takes 50-70 days to mature and can be harvested when the pods are fleshy and plump but before the seeds turn into starch.
Growing zones: 2 to 11
Dimensions: 12 to 18 inches high x 7 to 12 inches
Growing conditions: full sun; Moist, well-drained soil
Chard
Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris ) is the same species as beetroot, but the roots are not swollen. The plant is easy to grow and tolerates frost. Swiss chard leaves are ready to harvest 4 to 6 weeks after planting, when the leaves are about 12 inches long.
Growing zones: 2 to 11
Dimensions: 12 to 24 inches high x 9 to 18 inches
Growing conditions: full sun; Fertile, well-drained soil
radish
Radicchio (Cichorium intybus) is a type of chicory (cool season vegetable) grown for its leaves. Many varieties of radicchio require cooler temperatures to form heads. To bring the plant to the right temperature, you can put it in the ground after the first frost day and help your vegetables take root.
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Endive (Cichorium endivia) is a hardy annual vegetable with finely cut, curly leaves. Cool season vegetables will not grow in hot conditions and should be grown as fall crops. After the white shoots grow (this takes about 85 days), cut the plants back and return them to the ground.
Boccoi
Bokchoi (Brassica rapa chinensis) grows quickly and can be harvested before heads form. Although some types of bok choy are heat tolerant, the plant likes cool fall temperatures, and high temperatures cause narrow leaves and tight buds.
Lucas
Most lyca cultivars require a long growing season of 120-150 days, but some newer cultivars take up to 90 days to mature. This easy-to-grow plant is cold hardy, so harvesting can be delayed after the first frost.
Read the original article about Martha Stewart.
